What is DNA Fragmentation?
DNA fragmentation refers to damage in the genetic material inside sperm. Healthy DNA is essential for fertilization and embryo development. Sperm can have a normal appearance but contain damaged DNA. A traditional semen analysis will not detect this parameter.
Why is This Test Ordered?
This test may be recommended for recurrent miscarriage, failed IVF cycles, or unexplained infertility despite normal semen analysis.
How is the Test Performed?
A semen sample is collected after 2–5 days of abstinence. The sample is processed and analyzed in our laboratory to assess sperm DNA integrity. Sperm are stained and examined for the presence or absence of a halo that corresponds to the absence or presence of DNA fragmentation.
Understanding Results
Below 15% – Low fragmentation suggests good fertility potential
15% – 25% – Moderate may impact outcomes
Above 25% – High fragmentation is linked to increased risks of fertilization failure even with IVF/ICSI, abnormal embryo development and higher miscarriage risk
Causes
Oxidative stress, smoking, infections, heat exposure, obesity, varicocele, and aging can contribute.
Can it Improve?
Lifestyle changes, antioxidants, and medical treatment may reduce DNA fragmentation in some cases.
Risks
There are no physical risks. The test only requires a semen sample.
